Advances in science and technology

1. Biotechnology is the broad use of living systems and organisms to develop products.
2. Genetic engineering is a specific branch of biotechnology that involves the direct manipulation of an organism's genes.

💡 À retenir : Genetic engineering is a subset of biotechnology.

1. Identify the specific field (e.g., medicine, communication, education).
2. List two positive effects (e.g., efficiency, speed).
3. List two negative effects (e.g., privacy loss, social isolation).
4. Conclude with a balanced view.

💡 À retenir : Always provide a balanced argument (pros and cons).

1. Focus on the action rather than the person doing it.
2. Use the formula: $Subject + be + Past Participle$.
3. Example: "Robots are used in factories."

💡 À retenir : Use the passive voice when the actor is unknown or less important than the action.

1. It refers to the gap between people who have access to modern information technology and those who do not.
2. It is often based on geography, income, or education levels.

💡 À retenir : The digital divide creates inequality in accessing knowledge and opportunities.

1. Yes, but try to vary your expressions.
2. Use "In my opinion," "From my perspective," or "I am convinced that."

💡 À retenir : Academic writing prefers formal expressions over simple ones.

1. Yes, it is part of the "Advances in science and technology" unit.
2. You might be asked to write about its cost versus its benefits for humanity.

💡 À retenir : Be prepared to discuss both the scientific progress and the ethical/financial cost.

1. Privacy concerns regarding data collection.
2. Cloning and genetic modification of humans.
3. The potential for AI to cause job losses or bias.

💡 À retenir : Science is not just about progress; it is about responsibility.

1. Summarize your main points.
2. Restate your opinion in different words.
3. End with a forward-looking statement or a recommendation.

💡 À retenir : A good conclusion leaves the reader with a final thought.

1. Yes, it is a key negative aspect of technological advancement.
2. It includes hacking, identity theft, and online fraud.

💡 À retenir : Cybersecurity is essential in our digital era.

1. Read articles on BBC Science or National Geographic.
2. Keep a notebook for new terms like "innovation," "breakthrough," and "gadget."
3. Use these words in sentences.

💡 À retenir : Contextual learning is the most effective method.

1. No, you should write in paragraphs.
2. Use transition words like "Moreover," "However," and "Consequently" to link your ideas.

💡 À retenir : An essay must be structured in paragraphs, not bullet points.

1. Try to explain the concept using simpler words.
2. Use synonyms or describe the function of the object.

💡 À retenir : Don't panic; focus on clarity and communication.