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Anglais · 2ème Année Bac — Sciences Économiques

Advances in science and technology

Le cours expliqué simplement, les questions que tous les élèves se posent et des exercices type examen national. Programme marocain, gratuit.

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L'essentiel du cours

Le chapitre Advances in Science and Technology se concentre sur l'impact des innovations technologiques sur notre quotidien. Les points clés sont :

  • Vocabulaire thématique : Artificial Intelligence (AI), genetic engineering, space exploration, digital divide, nanotechnology, renewable energy.
  • Avantages : Efficiency, medical breakthroughs, global connectivity, automation.
  • Inconvénients : Privacy issues, job displacement, cybercrime, addiction to screens.
  • Grammaire associée : Utilisation du Passive Voice (pour décrire des inventions) et des Relative Clauses (pour définir des concepts technologiques).

Méthodes à maîtriser

  1. Argumentation : Savoir structurer un paragraphe avec un Topic Sentence, des Supporting Details et une Concluding Sentence.
  2. Définition : Utiliser des structures comme « A robot is a machine which/that... » pour définir des termes techniques.
  3. Expression de l'opinion : Utiliser des connecteurs comme In my view, It is widely believed that, On the one hand/On the other hand.

Exemples corrigés

  • Exemple 1 (Passive Voice) : "The internet was invented in the 20th century." (Le sujet subit l'action).
  • Exemple 2 (Opinion) : "I believe that AI will revolutionize education because it offers personalized learning."

Erreurs fréquentes

  • Confondre technology (le domaine) et technique (la méthode).
  • Oublier le participe passé dans la voix passive (ex: "The computer is made..." et non "The computer is make...").
  • Utiliser des phrases trop longues qui perdent en clarté.
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Défi flash : 4 questions

Sans compte

🎯 Advances in science and technology

1/4

Which of the following is a synonym for "innovation"?

❓ Questions fréquentes

What are the benefits of AI in medicine?
  1. Faster diagnosis of diseases.
  2. Precision in surgeries.
  3. Development of new drugs.

💡 À retenir : AI enhances accuracy and saves lives.

Is "cybercrime" a big problem?
  1. Yes, it involves hacking, identity theft, and online fraud.
  2. It affects individuals, companies, and even governments.

💡 À retenir : Cybersecurity is essential in our digital world.

Can I use "I think" in an exam essay?
  1. Yes, but try to vary your vocabulary.
  2. Use "I am convinced that" or "It seems to me that" for a more formal tone.

💡 À retenir : Formal language improves your grade.

What is a "renewable energy"?
  1. It is energy from sources that do not run out.
  2. Examples include solar, wind, and water power.

💡 À retenir : It is eco-friendly and sustainable.

What is the "digital divide"?
  1. It refers to the gap between people who have access to modern technology and those who do not.
  2. It often depends on economic status or geographic location.

💡 À retenir : It is a form of inequality in the information age.

Wach momkin nst3mel "which" f ay definition?
  1. Use "which" or "that" for things and machines.
  2. Use "who" for people.

💡 À retenir : Never use "who" for a computer or a gadget.

What is the difference between "science" and "technology"?
  1. Science is the study of the natural world through observation and experiments to gain knowledge.
  2. Technology is the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, like creating tools or machines.

💡 À retenir : Science is the "why" (theory), technology is the "how" (application).

How can I use the passive voice in my writing?
  1. Identify the object of the active sentence.
  2. Make it the subject of your passive sentence.
  3. Use the verb "to be" in the same tense as the original verb.
  4. Add the past participle of the main verb.

💡 À retenir : Use passive voice when the action is more important than the person doing it.

Achnou hiya "genetic engineering"?
  1. It is a scientific process that changes the DNA of living organisms.
  2. Scientists use it to improve crops or treat genetic diseases.

💡 À retenir : It is the manipulation of genes to create new traits.

Is technology always good for students?
  1. It provides access to information and online courses.
  2. However, it can cause distraction and reduce social interaction if not used wisely.

💡 À retenir : Technology is a double-edged sword; it depends on how you use it.

Kifach nkteb paragraph 3la "social media"?
  1. Start with a clear topic sentence (e.g., Social media has changed how we communicate).
  2. Give two supporting ideas (e.g., staying connected vs. privacy risks).
  3. End with a personal opinion.

💡 À retenir : Always balance your arguments to show critical thinking.

How to express an opinion about space exploration?
  1. Use phrases like "In my opinion," "From my perspective," or "I strongly believe that."
  2. Follow with a reason (e.g., "...because it helps us understand the universe").

💡 À retenir : Always support your opinion with a logical reason.

✍️ Exercices type examen national

Exercice 1

Complete the following sentences using the passive voice:

  1. Scientists (develop) ________ new vaccines every year.
  2. The first computer (build) ________ in the 1940s.
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Exercice 2

Define "Smartphone" in one sentence using a relative clause.

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Exercice 3

Write a short paragraph (80 words) about the impact of technology on education.

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